A Cross-layer Approach for MPTCP Path Management in Heterogeneous Vehicular Networks

Multipath communication has recently arisen as a promising tool to address reliable in vehicular networks. The architecture of TCP (MPTCP) is designed facilitate concurrent utilization multiple network interfaces, thereby enabling the system optimize throughput. In context environments, MPTCP offers solution for seamless roaming, it enables maintain stable connection by switching between available interfaces. This paper investigates suitability support resilient and efficient Vehicleto-Infrastructure (V2I) over heterogeneous First, we identify discuss several challenges that arise networks, including issues such Head-of-Line (HoL) blocking service interruptions during handover events. Then, propose cross-layer path management scheme MPTCP, leverages real-time information improve reliability efficiency multipath communication. Our emulation results demonstrate proposed not only achieves mobility across networks but also significantly reduces latency, packet loss, out-of-order delivery. These improvements have direct impact on quality experience users, they lead lower application layer delay higher